diff --git a/app/src/pages/Conversations.tsx b/app/src/pages/Conversations.tsx
index a468cf0ee..6a5ba541e 100644
--- a/app/src/pages/Conversations.tsx
+++ b/app/src/pages/Conversations.tsx
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 import { convertFileSrc } from '@tauri-apps/api/core';
-import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react';
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { useLocation, useNavigate } from 'react-router-dom';
 
 import { type ChatSendError, chatSendError } from '../chat/chatSendError';
 import TokenUsagePill from '../components/chat/TokenUsagePill';
 import { ConfirmationModal } from '../components/intelligence/ConfirmationModal';
+import PillTabBar from '../components/PillTabBar';
 import UpsellBanner from '../components/upsell/UpsellBanner';
 import { dismissBanner, shouldShowBanner } from '../components/upsell/upsellDismissState';
 import UsageLimitModal from '../components/upsell/UsageLimitModal';
@@ -151,6 +152,7 @@ const Conversations = ({ variant = 'page' }: ConversationsProps = {}) => {
   const [isTranscribing, setIsTranscribing] = useState(false);
   const [voiceStatus, setVoiceStatus] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [isPlayingReply, setIsPlayingReply] = useState(false);
+  const [selectedLabel, setSelectedLabel] = useState<string>('all');
   const [inlineSuggestionValue, setInlineSuggestionValue] = useState('');
   const [sendError, setSendError] = useState<ChatSendError | null>(null);
   const socketStatus = useAppSelector(selectSocketStatus);
@@ -792,9 +794,38 @@ const Conversations = ({ variant = 'page' }: ConversationsProps = {}) => {
   const shouldRenderTimelineBeforeLatestAgentMessage =
     selectedThreadToolTimeline.length > 0 && !isSending && Boolean(latestVisibleAgentMessage);
 
-  const sortedThreads = [...threads].sort(
-    (a, b) => new Date(b.lastMessageAt).getTime() - new Date(a.lastMessageAt).getTime()
-  );
+  const filteredThreads = useMemo(() => {
+    return threads.filter(t => {
+      if (selectedLabel === 'all') return true;
+      return t.labels?.includes(selectedLabel);
+    });
+  }, [threads, selectedLabel]);
+
+  const sortedThreads = useMemo(() => {
+    return [...filteredThreads].sort(
+      (a, b) => new Date(b.lastMessageAt).getTime() - new Date(a.lastMessageAt).getTime()
+    );
+  }, [filteredThreads]);
+
+  const allLabels = useMemo(() => {
+    return Array.from(new Set(threads.flatMap(t => t.labels ?? []))).sort();
+  }, [threads]);
+
+  // Fixed tab set so categories don't disappear when empty and the active
+  // filter state remains unambiguous regardless of what threads exist.
+  const labelTabs = [
+    { label: 'All', value: 'all' },
+    { label: 'Work', value: 'work' },
+    { label: 'Briefing', value: 'briefing' },
+    { label: 'Notification', value: 'notification' },
+  ];
+
+  // Reset stale selectedLabel when the last thread carrying that label is deleted.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (selectedLabel !== 'all' && !allLabels.includes(selectedLabel)) {
+      setSelectedLabel('all');
+    }
+  }, [allLabels, selectedLabel]);
 
   const isSidebar = variant === 'sidebar';
 
@@ -827,9 +858,19 @@ const Conversations = ({ variant = 'page' }: ConversationsProps = {}) => {
               </svg>
             </button>
           </div>
+          <div className="px-4 py-2 border-b border-stone-50">
+            <PillTabBar
+              items={labelTabs}
+              selected={selectedLabel}
+              onChange={setSelectedLabel}
+              containerClassName="flex gap-1 overflow-x-auto py-1 scrollbar-hide"
+            />
+          </div>
           <div className="flex-1 overflow-y-auto">
             {sortedThreads.length === 0 ? (
-              <p className="px-4 py-6 text-xs text-stone-400 text-center">No threads yet</p>
+              <p className="px-4 py-6 text-xs text-stone-400 text-center">
+                {selectedLabel === 'all' ? 'No threads yet' : `No "${selectedLabel}" threads`}
+              </p>
             ) : (
               sortedThreads.map(thread => (
                 <div
diff --git a/app/src/services/api/threadApi.ts b/app/src/services/api/threadApi.ts
index 4ae208d5e..d52d6cb55 100644
--- a/app/src/services/api/threadApi.ts
+++ b/app/src/services/api/threadApi.ts
@@ -24,9 +24,10 @@ function unwrapEnvelope<T>(response: Envelope<T> | T): T {
 const generateTitleLog = debug('threadApi.generateTitleIfNeeded');
 
 export const threadApi = {
-  createNewThread: async (): Promise<Thread> => {
+  createNewThread: async (labels?: string[]): Promise<Thread> => {
     const response = await callCoreRpc<Envelope<Thread>>({
       method: 'openhuman.threads_create_new',
+      params: { labels },
     });
     return unwrapEnvelope(response);
   },
@@ -101,4 +102,12 @@ export const threadApi = {
     });
     return unwrapEnvelope(response);
   },
+
+  updateLabels: async (threadId: string, labels: string[]): Promise<Thread> => {
+    const response = await callCoreRpc<Envelope<Thread>>({
+      method: 'openhuman.threads_update_labels',
+      params: { thread_id: threadId, labels },
+    });
+    return unwrapEnvelope(response);
+  },
 };
diff --git a/app/src/store/__tests__/threadSlice.test.ts b/app/src/store/__tests__/threadSlice.test.ts
index 24a6b4e33..d47db2026 100644
--- a/app/src/store/__tests__/threadSlice.test.ts
+++ b/app/src/store/__tests__/threadSlice.test.ts
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ function makeThread(overrides: Partial<Thread> = {}): Thread {
     messageCount: 0,
     lastMessageAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
     createdAt: '2026-01-01T00:00:00.000Z',
+    labels: [],
     ...overrides,
   };
 }
diff --git a/app/src/store/threadSlice.ts b/app/src/store/threadSlice.ts
index 9ad8e17e3..d5d86adbd 100644
--- a/app/src/store/threadSlice.ts
+++ b/app/src/store/threadSlice.ts
@@ -69,9 +69,9 @@ export const loadThreads = createAsyncThunk(
 
 export const createNewThread = createAsyncThunk(
   'thread/createNewThread',
-  async (_, { dispatch, rejectWithValue }) => {
+  async (labels: string[] | undefined, { dispatch, rejectWithValue }) => {
     try {
-      const thread = await threadApi.createNewThread();
+      const thread = await threadApi.createNewThread(labels);
       await dispatch(loadThreads()).unwrap();
       return thread;
     } catch (error) {
@@ -221,6 +221,21 @@ export const persistReaction = createAsyncThunk(
   }
 );
 
+export const updateThreadLabels = createAsyncThunk(
+  'thread/updateThreadLabels',
+  async (payload: { threadId: string; labels: string[] }, { dispatch, rejectWithValue }) => {
+    try {
+      const thread = await threadApi.updateLabels(payload.threadId, payload.labels);
+      await dispatch(loadThreads()).unwrap();
+      return thread;
+    } catch (error) {
+      return rejectWithValue(
+        error instanceof Error ? error.message : 'Failed to update thread labels'
+      );
+    }
+  }
+);
+
 export const purgeThreads = createAsyncThunk(
   'thread/purgeThreads',
   async (_, { dispatch, rejectWithValue }) => {
diff --git a/app/src/types/thread.ts b/app/src/types/thread.ts
index b1e20bf38..ded5c68d9 100644
--- a/app/src/types/thread.ts
+++ b/app/src/types/thread.ts
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ export interface Thread {
   messageCount: number;
   lastMessageAt: string;
   createdAt: string;
+  labels: string[];
 }
 
 export interface ThreadMessage {
diff --git a/src/openhuman/about_app/catalog.rs b/src/openhuman/about_app/catalog.rs
index 57cdbcb24..1085da5d2 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/about_app/catalog.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/about_app/catalog.rs
@@ -116,6 +116,16 @@ const CAPABILITIES: &[Capability] = &[
         status: CapabilityStatus::Beta,
         privacy: None,
     },
+    Capability {
+        id: "conversation.label_filter",
+        name: "Thread Label Filters",
+        domain: "conversation",
+        category: CapabilityCategory::Conversation,
+        description: "Filter the thread list by label (Work, Briefing, Notification) using the tab bar at the top of the thread list.",
+        how_to: "Conversations > Label tabs",
+        status: CapabilityStatus::Beta,
+        privacy: None,
+    },
     Capability {
         id: "intelligence.analyze_actionable_items",
         name: "Analyze Actionable Items",
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/bus.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/bus.rs
index 0b4697da1..4681ba9cb 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/bus.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/bus.rs
@@ -169,6 +169,7 @@ fn persist_channel_turn(
             id: thread_id.clone(),
             title,
             created_at: created_at.clone(),
+            labels: Some(vec!["work".to_string()]),
         },
     )?;
 
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/mod.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/mod.rs
index 3b09f93f8..181026cf3 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/mod.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/mod.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@ mod types;
 pub use bus::register_conversation_persistence_subscriber;
 pub use store::{
     append_message, delete_thread, ensure_thread, get_messages, list_threads, purge_threads,
-    update_message, update_thread_title, ConversationPurgeStats, ConversationStore,
+    update_message, update_thread_labels, update_thread_title, ConversationPurgeStats,
+    ConversationStore,
 };
 pub use types::{
     ConversationMessage, ConversationMessagePatch, ConversationThread, CreateConversationThread,
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store.rs
index 05a508a0d..88599084f 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store.rs
@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ enum ThreadLogEntry {
         title: String,
         created_at: String,
         updated_at: String,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        labels: Option<Vec<String>>,
     },
     Delete {
         thread_id: String,
@@ -74,6 +76,7 @@ impl ConversationStore {
                 title: request.title.clone(),
                 created_at: request.created_at.clone(),
                 updated_at: now,
+                labels: request.labels.clone(),
             },
         )?;
         debug!(
@@ -141,6 +144,7 @@ impl ConversationStore {
                 title: title.to_string(),
                 created_at: entry.created_at.clone(),
                 updated_at: updated_at.to_string(),
+                labels: Some(entry.labels.clone()),
             },
         )?;
         debug!(
@@ -153,6 +157,37 @@ impl ConversationStore {
             .ok_or_else(|| format!("thread {} missing after title update", thread_id))
     }
 
+    pub fn update_thread_labels(
+        &self,
+        thread_id: &str,
+        labels: Vec<String>,
+        updated_at: &str,
+    ) -> Result<ConversationThread, String> {
+        let _guard = CONVERSATION_STORE_LOCK.lock();
+        let index = self.thread_index_unlocked()?;
+        let entry = index
+            .get(thread_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("thread {} does not exist", thread_id))?;
+        let threads_path = self.ensure_root()?.join(THREADS_FILENAME);
+        append_jsonl(
+            &threads_path,
+            &ThreadLogEntry::Upsert {
+                thread_id: thread_id.to_string(),
+                title: entry.title.clone(),
+                created_at: entry.created_at.clone(),
+                updated_at: updated_at.to_string(),
+                labels: Some(labels),
+            },
+        )?;
+        debug!(
+            "{LOG_PREFIX} updated thread labels id={} path={}",
+            thread_id,
+            threads_path.display()
+        );
+        self.thread_summary_unlocked(thread_id)?
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("thread {} missing after labels update", thread_id))
+    }
+
     pub fn update_message(
         &self,
         thread_id: &str,
@@ -297,6 +332,7 @@ impl ConversationStore {
             message_count,
             last_message_at,
             created_at: entry.created_at.clone(),
+            labels: entry.labels.clone(),
         }))
     }
 
@@ -314,17 +350,25 @@ impl ConversationStore {
                     thread_id,
                     title,
                     created_at,
+                    labels,
                     ..
                 } => {
-                    let created_at_value = match index.get(&thread_id) {
-                        Some(existing) => existing.created_at.clone(),
-                        None => created_at,
+                    let (created_at_value, labels_value) = match index.get(&thread_id) {
+                        Some(existing) => (
+                            existing.created_at.clone(),
+                            labels.unwrap_or_else(|| existing.labels.clone()),
+                        ),
+                        None => {
+                            let inferred = labels.unwrap_or_else(|| infer_labels(&thread_id));
+                            (created_at, inferred)
+                        }
                     };
                     index.insert(
                         thread_id,
                         ThreadIndexEntry {
                             title,
                             created_at: created_at_value,
+                            labels: labels_value,
                         },
                     );
                 }
@@ -350,6 +394,17 @@ impl ConversationStore {
 struct ThreadIndexEntry {
     title: String,
     created_at: String,
+    labels: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+fn infer_labels(thread_id: &str) -> Vec<String> {
+    if thread_id == "proactive:morning_briefing" {
+        vec!["briefing".to_string()]
+    } else if thread_id.starts_with("proactive:") {
+        vec!["notification".to_string()]
+    } else {
+        vec!["work".to_string()]
+    }
 }
 
 fn read_jsonl<T>(path: &Path) -> Result<Vec<T>, String>
@@ -466,6 +521,15 @@ pub fn update_thread_title(
     ConversationStore::new(workspace_dir).update_thread_title(thread_id, title, updated_at)
 }
 
+pub fn update_thread_labels(
+    workspace_dir: PathBuf,
+    thread_id: &str,
+    labels: Vec<String>,
+    updated_at: &str,
+) -> Result<ConversationThread, String> {
+    ConversationStore::new(workspace_dir).update_thread_labels(thread_id, labels, updated_at)
+}
+
 pub fn update_message(
     workspace_dir: PathBuf,
     thread_id: &str,
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store_tests.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store_tests.rs
index 7273f6c99..234fc9d6c 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store_tests.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/store_tests.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ fn store_roundtrips_threads_and_messages() {
             id: "default-thread".to_string(),
             title: "Conversation".to_string(),
             created_at: created_at.clone(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .expect("ensure thread");
     assert_eq!(thread.message_count, 0);
@@ -54,6 +55,7 @@ fn store_updates_message_metadata() {
             id: "default-thread".to_string(),
             title: "Conversation".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .expect("ensure thread");
     store
@@ -93,6 +95,7 @@ fn purge_removes_threads_and_messages() {
             id: "default-thread".to_string(),
             title: "Conversation".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .expect("ensure thread");
     store
@@ -122,6 +125,7 @@ fn ensure_thread_is_idempotent() {
         id: "t1".to_string(),
         title: "Thread".to_string(),
         created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+        labels: None,
     };
     store.ensure_thread(req.clone()).unwrap();
     store.ensure_thread(req).unwrap();
@@ -137,6 +141,7 @@ fn delete_thread_removes_thread_and_messages() {
             id: "t1".to_string(),
             title: "Thread".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .unwrap();
     store
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@ fn get_messages_empty_thread() {
             id: "t1".to_string(),
             title: "Empty".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .unwrap();
     let messages = store.get_messages("t1").unwrap();
@@ -196,6 +202,7 @@ fn multiple_threads_and_messages() {
                 id: format!("t{i}"),
                 title: format!("Thread {i}"),
                 created_at: format!("2026-04-10T12:0{i}:00Z"),
+                labels: None,
             })
             .unwrap();
         store
@@ -232,6 +239,7 @@ fn update_message_nonexistent_returns_error() {
             id: "t1".to_string(),
             title: "Thread".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .unwrap();
     let result = store.update_message(
@@ -252,6 +260,7 @@ fn update_thread_title_persists_latest_title() {
             id: "t1".to_string(),
             title: "Chat Apr 10 12:00 PM".to_string(),
             created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
         })
         .unwrap();
 
@@ -265,6 +274,93 @@ fn update_thread_title_persists_latest_title() {
     assert_eq!(threads[0].created_at, "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z");
 }
 
+#[test]
+fn store_handles_labels_and_inference() {
+    let (_temp, store) = make_store();
+
+    // 1. Explicit labels on ensure
+    store
+        .ensure_thread(CreateConversationThread {
+            id: "t1".to_string(),
+            title: "Thread 1".to_string(),
+            created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: Some(vec!["custom".to_string()]),
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+
+    // 2. Inferred labels for morning briefing
+    store
+        .ensure_thread(CreateConversationThread {
+            id: "proactive:morning_briefing".to_string(),
+            title: "Morning Briefing".to_string(),
+            created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+
+    // 3. Inferred labels for other proactive
+    store
+        .ensure_thread(CreateConversationThread {
+            id: "proactive:system".to_string(),
+            title: "System Notification".to_string(),
+            created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+
+    // 4. Default inferred labels (work)
+    store
+        .ensure_thread(CreateConversationThread {
+            id: "user-thread".to_string(),
+            title: "User Chat".to_string(),
+            created_at: "2026-04-10T12:00:00Z".to_string(),
+            labels: None,
+        })
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let threads = store.list_threads().unwrap();
+    {
+        let t1 = threads.iter().find(|t| t.id == "t1").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(t1.labels, vec!["custom"]);
+    }
+    {
+        let mb = threads
+            .iter()
+            .find(|t| t.id == "proactive:morning_briefing")
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(mb.labels, vec!["briefing"]);
+    }
+    {
+        let sys = threads.iter().find(|t| t.id == "proactive:system").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(sys.labels, vec!["notification"]);
+    }
+    {
+        let user = threads.iter().find(|t| t.id == "user-thread").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(user.labels, vec!["work"]);
+    }
+
+    // 5. Update labels
+    store
+        .update_thread_labels("t1", vec!["updated".to_string()], "2026-04-10T12:05:00Z")
+        .unwrap();
+    let threads = store.list_threads().unwrap();
+    {
+        let t1 = threads.iter().find(|t| t.id == "t1").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(t1.labels, vec!["updated"]);
+    }
+
+    // 6. Title update preserves labels
+    store
+        .update_thread_title("t1", "New Title", "2026-04-10T12:06:00Z")
+        .unwrap();
+    let threads = store.list_threads().unwrap();
+    {
+        let t1 = threads.iter().find(|t| t.id == "t1").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(t1.labels, vec!["updated"]);
+        assert_eq!(t1.title, "New Title");
+    }
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn conversation_store_new() {
     let tmp = TempDir::new().unwrap();
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/types.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/types.rs
index 6fd996228..d4148d650 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/types.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/conversations/types.rs
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ pub struct ConversationThread {
     pub message_count: usize,
     pub last_message_at: String,
     pub created_at: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub labels: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq)]
@@ -33,6 +35,8 @@ pub struct CreateConversationThread {
     pub id: String,
     pub title: String,
     pub created_at: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub labels: Option<Vec<String>>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
diff --git a/src/openhuman/memory/rpc_models.rs b/src/openhuman/memory/rpc_models.rs
index c49415600..d66f355e9 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/memory/rpc_models.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/memory/rpc_models.rs
@@ -67,6 +67,14 @@ pub struct ApiEnvelope<T> {
 #[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
 pub struct EmptyRequest {}
 
+/// Request to create a new conversation thread.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct CreateConversationThreadRequest {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub labels: Option<Vec<String>>,
+}
+
 /// Request payload for `openhuman.memory_init`.
 ///
 /// `jwt_token` is accepted for backward compatibility but **not used** — memory
@@ -102,6 +110,8 @@ pub struct ConversationThreadSummary {
     pub message_count: usize,
     pub last_message_at: String,
     pub created_at: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub labels: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 /// A single persisted conversation message.
@@ -125,6 +135,16 @@ pub struct UpsertConversationThreadRequest {
     pub id: String,
     pub title: String,
     pub created_at: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub labels: Option<Vec<String>>,
+}
+
+/// Request to update labels for a conversation thread.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct UpdateConversationThreadLabelsRequest {
+    pub thread_id: String,
+    pub labels: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 /// Response payload for thread list operations.
diff --git a/src/openhuman/threads/ops.rs b/src/openhuman/threads/ops.rs
index 87f040cb1..fdcd4179a 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/threads/ops.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/threads/ops.rs
@@ -9,9 +9,10 @@ use crate::openhuman::memory::conversations::{
 use crate::openhuman::memory::{
     ApiEnvelope, ApiMeta, AppendConversationMessageRequest, ConversationMessageRecord,
     ConversationMessagesRequest, ConversationMessagesResponse, ConversationThreadSummary,
-    ConversationThreadsListResponse, DeleteConversationThreadRequest,
-    DeleteConversationThreadResponse, EmptyRequest, GenerateConversationThreadTitleRequest,
-    PaginationMeta, PurgeConversationThreadsResponse, UpdateConversationMessageRequest,
+    ConversationThreadsListResponse, CreateConversationThreadRequest,
+    DeleteConversationThreadRequest, DeleteConversationThreadResponse, EmptyRequest,
+    GenerateConversationThreadTitleRequest, PaginationMeta, PurgeConversationThreadsResponse,
+    UpdateConversationMessageRequest, UpdateConversationThreadLabelsRequest,
     UpsertConversationThreadRequest,
 };
 use crate::openhuman::providers::{self, ProviderRuntimeOptions};
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ fn thread_to_summary(thread: ConversationThread) -> ConversationThreadSummary {
         message_count: thread.message_count,
         last_message_at: thread.last_message_at,
         created_at: thread.created_at,
+        labels: thread.labels,
     }
 }
 
@@ -126,6 +128,7 @@ pub async fn thread_upsert(
             id: request.id,
             title: request.title,
             created_at: request.created_at,
+            labels: request.labels,
         },
     )?;
     Ok(envelope(
@@ -137,7 +140,7 @@ pub async fn thread_upsert(
 
 /// Creates a new conversation thread with auto-generated ID and title.
 pub async fn thread_create_new(
-    _request: EmptyRequest,
+    request: CreateConversationThreadRequest,
 ) -> Result<RpcOutcome<ApiEnvelope<ConversationThreadSummary>>, String> {
     let dir = workspace_dir().await?;
     let id = format!("thread-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
@@ -150,8 +153,17 @@ pub async fn thread_create_new(
             id,
             title,
             created_at,
+            // Pass labels through as-is; the store's infer_labels() applies
+            // the same default on index rebuild, so this is the single source
+            // of truth for default labels.
+            labels: request.labels,
         },
     )?;
+    tracing::debug!(
+        thread_id = %thread.id,
+        labels = ?thread.labels,
+        "[threads] created new thread"
+    );
     Ok(envelope(
         thread_to_summary(thread),
         Some(counts([("num_threads", 1)])),
@@ -363,6 +375,33 @@ pub async fn thread_generate_title(
     ))
 }
 
+/// Updates labels for a conversation thread.
+///
+/// An empty `labels` vec is valid and clears all labels from the thread,
+/// making it invisible in every non-"All" filter view. Callers should
+/// ensure this is intentional.
+pub async fn thread_update_labels(
+    request: UpdateConversationThreadLabelsRequest,
+) -> Result<RpcOutcome<ApiEnvelope<ConversationThreadSummary>>, String> {
+    let dir = workspace_dir().await?;
+    let thread = conversations::update_thread_labels(
+        dir,
+        &request.thread_id,
+        request.labels.clone(),
+        &chrono::Utc::now().to_rfc3339(),
+    )?;
+    tracing::debug!(
+        thread_id = %request.thread_id,
+        labels = ?request.labels,
+        "[threads] updated thread labels"
+    );
+    Ok(envelope(
+        thread_to_summary(thread),
+        Some(counts([("num_threads", 1)])),
+        None,
+    ))
+}
+
 /// Updates metadata on an existing conversation message.
 pub async fn message_update(
     request: UpdateConversationMessageRequest,
diff --git a/src/openhuman/threads/ops_tests.rs b/src/openhuman/threads/ops_tests.rs
index beb212605..3b9a85004 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/threads/ops_tests.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/threads/ops_tests.rs
@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ fn sample_thread() -> ConversationThread {
         message_count: 5,
         last_message_at: "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z".into(),
         created_at: "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z".into(),
+        labels: vec!["work".to_string()],
     }
 }
 
@@ -312,6 +313,7 @@ fn thread_to_summary_preserves_all_fields() {
     assert_eq!(summary.message_count, 5);
     assert_eq!(summary.last_message_at, "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z");
     assert_eq!(summary.created_at, "2026-01-01T00:00:00Z");
+    assert_eq!(summary.labels, vec!["work".to_string()]);
 }
 
 #[test]
diff --git a/src/openhuman/threads/schemas.rs b/src/openhuman/threads/schemas.rs
index c8be1c796..ce3a27645 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/threads/schemas.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/threads/schemas.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,9 @@ use serde_json::{Map, Value};
 use crate::core::all::{ControllerFuture, RegisteredController};
 use crate::core::{ControllerSchema, FieldSchema, TypeSchema};
 use crate::openhuman::memory::{
-    AppendConversationMessageRequest, ConversationMessagesRequest, DeleteConversationThreadRequest,
-    EmptyRequest, GenerateConversationThreadTitleRequest, UpdateConversationMessageRequest,
+    AppendConversationMessageRequest, ConversationMessagesRequest, CreateConversationThreadRequest,
+    DeleteConversationThreadRequest, EmptyRequest, GenerateConversationThreadTitleRequest,
+    UpdateConversationMessageRequest, UpdateConversationThreadLabelsRequest,
     UpsertConversationThreadRequest,
 };
 
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ pub fn all_controller_schemas() -> Vec<ControllerSchema> {
         schemas("messages_list"),
         schemas("message_append"),
         schemas("generate_title"),
+        schemas("update_labels"),
         schemas("message_update"),
         schemas("delete"),
         schemas("purge"),
@@ -53,6 +55,10 @@ pub fn all_registered_controllers() -> Vec<RegisteredController> {
             schema: schemas("generate_title"),
             handler: handle_generate_title,
         },
+        RegisteredController {
+            schema: schemas("update_labels"),
+            handler: handle_update_labels,
+        },
         RegisteredController {
             schema: schemas("message_update"),
             handler: handle_message_update,
@@ -105,6 +111,12 @@ pub fn schemas(function: &str) -> ControllerSchema {
                     comment: "RFC3339 timestamp for first thread creation.",
                     required: true,
                 },
+                FieldSchema {
+                    name: "labels",
+                    ty: TypeSchema::Option(Box::new(TypeSchema::Json)),
+                    comment: "Optional list of labels to assign.",
+                    required: false,
+                },
             ],
             outputs: vec![FieldSchema {
                 name: "result",
@@ -117,7 +129,12 @@ pub fn schemas(function: &str) -> ControllerSchema {
             namespace: "threads",
             function: "create_new",
             description: "Create a new conversation thread with auto-generated ID and title.",
-            inputs: vec![],
+            inputs: vec![FieldSchema {
+                name: "labels",
+                ty: TypeSchema::Option(Box::new(TypeSchema::Json)),
+                comment: "Optional labels to assign to the new thread.",
+                required: false,
+            }],
             outputs: vec![FieldSchema {
                 name: "result",
                 ty: TypeSchema::Json,
@@ -225,6 +242,31 @@ pub fn schemas(function: &str) -> ControllerSchema {
                 required: true,
             }],
         },
+        "update_labels" => ControllerSchema {
+            namespace: "threads",
+            function: "update_labels",
+            description: "Update labels for a conversation thread.",
+            inputs: vec![
+                FieldSchema {
+                    name: "thread_id",
+                    ty: TypeSchema::String,
+                    comment: "Thread identifier.",
+                    required: true,
+                },
+                FieldSchema {
+                    name: "labels",
+                    ty: TypeSchema::Json,
+                    comment: "List of labels to assign.",
+                    required: true,
+                },
+            ],
+            outputs: vec![FieldSchema {
+                name: "result",
+                ty: TypeSchema::Json,
+                comment: "Envelope with the resulting thread summary.",
+                required: true,
+            }],
+        },
         "delete" => ControllerSchema {
             namespace: "threads",
             function: "delete",
@@ -290,8 +332,11 @@ fn handle_upsert(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
     })
 }
 
-fn handle_create_new(_params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
-    Box::pin(async move { to_json(ops::thread_create_new(EmptyRequest {}).await?) })
+fn handle_create_new(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
+    Box::pin(async move {
+        let p = parse::<CreateConversationThreadRequest>(params)?;
+        to_json(ops::thread_create_new(p).await?)
+    })
 }
 
 fn handle_messages_list(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
@@ -315,6 +360,13 @@ fn handle_generate_title(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
     })
 }
 
+fn handle_update_labels(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
+    Box::pin(async move {
+        let p = parse::<UpdateConversationThreadLabelsRequest>(params)?;
+        to_json(ops::thread_update_labels(p).await?)
+    })
+}
+
 fn handle_message_update(params: Map<String, Value>) -> ControllerFuture {
     Box::pin(async move {
         let p = parse::<UpdateConversationMessageRequest>(params)?;
diff --git a/src/openhuman/threads/schemas_tests.rs b/src/openhuman/threads/schemas_tests.rs
index 617d529a7..4387d729a 100644
--- a/src/openhuman/threads/schemas_tests.rs
+++ b/src/openhuman/threads/schemas_tests.rs
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ const ALL_FUNCTIONS: &[&str] = &[
     "messages_list",
     "message_append",
     "generate_title",
+    "update_labels",
     "message_update",
     "delete",
     "purge",
diff --git a/tests/json_rpc_e2e.rs b/tests/json_rpc_e2e.rs
index 54cd8c27a..989f9f3eb 100644
--- a/tests/json_rpc_e2e.rs
+++ b/tests/json_rpc_e2e.rs
@@ -796,6 +796,111 @@ async fn json_rpc_protocol_auth_and_agent_hello() {
     rpc_join.abort();
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn json_rpc_thread_labels_create_and_update() {
+    let _env_lock = json_rpc_e2e_env_lock();
+    let tmp = tempdir().expect("tempdir");
+    let home = tmp.path();
+    let openhuman_home = home.join(".openhuman");
+
+    let _home_guard = EnvVarGuard::set_to_path("HOME", home);
+    let _workspace_guard = EnvVarGuard::unset("OPENHUMAN_WORKSPACE");
+    let _backend_url_guard = EnvVarGuard::unset("BACKEND_URL");
+    let _vite_backend_url_guard = EnvVarGuard::unset("VITE_BACKEND_URL");
+    let _api_url_guard = EnvVarGuard::unset("OPENHUMAN_API_URL");
+
+    let (api_addr, api_join) = serve_on_ephemeral(mock_upstream_router()).await;
+    let api_origin = format!("http://{api_addr}");
+    write_min_config(openhuman_home.as_path(), &api_origin);
+
+    let (rpc_addr, rpc_join) = serve_on_ephemeral(build_core_http_router(false)).await;
+    let rpc_base = format!("http://{rpc_addr}");
+
+    // 1. Create a thread with an explicit label.
+    let create = post_json_rpc(
+        &rpc_base,
+        9001,
+        "openhuman.threads_create_new",
+        json!({ "labels": ["custom"] }),
+    )
+    .await;
+    let create_outer = assert_no_jsonrpc_error(&create, "threads_create_new with labels");
+    let created = create_outer
+        .get("data")
+        .expect("data envelope in create response");
+    let thread_id = created
+        .get("id")
+        .and_then(Value::as_str)
+        .expect("id in created thread");
+    let created_labels = created
+        .get("labels")
+        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+        .expect("labels in created thread");
+    assert_eq!(
+        created_labels
+            .iter()
+            .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap_or(""))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        vec!["custom"],
+        "created thread should have labels=[\"custom\"]"
+    );
+
+    // 2. Update labels on the thread.
+    let update = post_json_rpc(
+        &rpc_base,
+        9002,
+        "openhuman.threads_update_labels",
+        json!({ "thread_id": thread_id, "labels": ["work", "briefing"] }),
+    )
+    .await;
+    let update_outer = assert_no_jsonrpc_error(&update, "threads_update_labels");
+    let updated = update_outer
+        .get("data")
+        .expect("data envelope in update response");
+    let updated_labels = updated
+        .get("labels")
+        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+        .expect("labels in updated thread");
+    assert_eq!(
+        updated_labels
+            .iter()
+            .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap_or(""))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        vec!["work", "briefing"],
+        "updated thread should have labels=[\"work\", \"briefing\"]"
+    );
+
+    // 3. Verify the updated labels are reflected in threads_list.
+    let list = post_json_rpc(&rpc_base, 9003, "openhuman.threads_list", json!({})).await;
+    let list_outer = assert_no_jsonrpc_error(&list, "threads_list after label update");
+    let list_result = list_outer
+        .get("data")
+        .expect("data envelope in list response");
+    let threads = list_result
+        .get("threads")
+        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+        .expect("threads array in list");
+    let persisted = threads
+        .iter()
+        .find(|t| t.get("id").and_then(Value::as_str) == Some(thread_id))
+        .expect("created thread must appear in list");
+    let persisted_labels = persisted
+        .get("labels")
+        .and_then(Value::as_array)
+        .expect("labels in persisted thread");
+    assert_eq!(
+        persisted_labels
+            .iter()
+            .map(|v| v.as_str().unwrap_or(""))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        vec!["work", "briefing"],
+        "threads_list must reflect the updated labels"
+    );
+
+    api_join.abort();
+    rpc_join.abort();
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn json_rpc_memory_tree_end_to_end() {
     let _env_lock = json_rpc_e2e_env_lock();